Mathematical Modeling News

April 19, 2024

Top Headlines

Apr. 18, 2024 — Contrary to previous assumptions, nerve cells in the human neocortex are wired differently than in mice. The study found that human neurons communicate in one direction, while in mice, signals tend to flow in loops. This increases the efficiency and ...

A Faster, Better Way to Prevent an AI Chatbot from Giving Toxic Responses

Apr. 10, 2024 — A new technique can more effectively perform a safety check on an AI chatbot. Researchers enabled their model to prompt a chatbot to generate toxic responses, which are used to prevent the chatbot from giving hateful or harmful answers when ...

Can Language Models Read the Genome? This One Decoded mRNA to Make Better Vaccines

Apr. 5, 2024 — Researchers developed a foundational language model to decode mRNA sequences and optimize those sequences for vaccine development. The tool shows broader promise as a means for studying molecular ...

Artificial Intelligence Boosts Super-Resolution Microscopy

Mar. 28, 2024 — Generative artificial intelligence (AI) might be best known from text or image-creating applications like ChatGPT or Stable Diffusion. But its usefulness beyond that is being shown in more and more different scientific ...

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Computer Scientists Show the Way: AI Models Need Not Be SO Power Hungry

Apr. 3, 2024 — The development of AI models is an overlooked climate culprit. Computer scientists have created a recipe book for designing AI models that use much less energy without compromising performance. They ...

Novel Robust-Optimal Controllers Based on Fuzzy Descriptor System

Apr. 8, 2024 — The Takagi--Sugeno (T--S) fuzzy descriptor system offers a promising avenue for controlling non-linear systems but lacks optimal control strategies. Moreover, while robust control methods have been ...

The Math Problem That Took Nearly a Century to Solve: Secret to Ramsey Numbers

Apr. 2, 2024 — Little progress had been made in solving Ramsey problems since the 1930s. Now, researchers have found the answer to r(4,t), a longstanding Ramsey ...

Rectifying AI's Usage in the Quest for Thermoelectric Materials

Mar. 25, 2024 — AI is revolutionizing the way researchers seek to identify new materials, but it still has some shortcomings. Now, a team of researchers has navigated AI's pitfalls to identify a thermoelectric ...

Physicists Develop Modeling Software to Diagnose Serious Diseases

Mar. 22, 2024 — Researchers have recently published FreeDTS -- a shared software package designed to model and study biological membranes at the mesoscale -- the scale 'in between' the larger macro level and smaller ...

New Technique Helps AI Tell When Humans Are Lying

Mar. 18, 2024 — Researchers have developed a new training tool to help artificial intelligence (AI) programs better account for the fact that humans don't always tell the truth when providing personal information. ...

How Do Neural Networks Learn? A Mathematical Formula Explains How They Detect Relevant Patterns

Mar. 11, 2024 — Neural networks have been powering breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, including the large language models that are now being used in a wide ...

AI for Astrophysics: Algorithms Help Chart the Origins of Heavy Elements

Mar. 13, 2024 — The origin of heavy elements in our universe is theorized to be the result of neutron star collisions, which produce conditions hot and dense enough for free neutrons to merge with atomic nuclei and ...

Method Rapidly Verifies That a Robot Will Avoid Collisions

Mar. 7, 2024 — A new safety-check technique can prove with 100 percent accuracy that a planned robot motion will not result in a collision. The method can generate a proof in seconds and does so in a way that can ...

Balancing Training Data and Human Knowledge Makes AI Act More Like a Scientist

Mar. 8, 2024 — When you teach a child how to solve puzzles, you can either let them figure it out through trial and error, or you can guide them with some basic ...

Physics-Based Predictive Tool Will Speed Up Battery and Superconductor Research

Apr. 1, 2024 — Researchers have developed physics-based guidelines that will benefit host-guest intercalated materials research. By using only two guest properties and eight host-derived descriptors, they correctly ...

Powerful New AI Can Predict People's Attitudes to Vaccines

Mar. 20, 2024 — A powerful new tool in artificial intelligence is able to predict whether someone is willing to be vaccinated against ...

Researchers Develop a New Control Method That Optimizes Autonomous Ship Navigation

Mar. 13, 2024 — Existing ship control systems using Model Predictive Control for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) do not consider the various forces acting on ships in real sea conditions. Addressing this ...

Running Performance Helped by Mathematical Research

Mar. 5, 2024 — A new mathematical model has shown, with great precision, the impact that physiological and psychological parameters have on running performance and provides tips for optimized ...

New AI Model Draws Treasure Maps to Diagnose Disease

Mar. 4, 2024 — Researchers have developed an artificial intelligence model that can accurately identify tumors and diseases in medical images. The tool draws a map to explain each diagnosis, helping doctors follow ...

What Math Tells Us About Social Dilemmas

Feb. 26, 2024 — Human coexistence depends on cooperation. Individuals have different motivations and reasons to collaborate, resulting in social dilemmas, such as the well-known prisoner's dilemma. Scientists ...

Improving Efficiency, Reliability of AI Medical Summarization Tools

Feb. 22, 2024 — Medical summarization, a process that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to condense complex patient information, is currently used in health care settings for tasks such as creating electronic health ...

Plasma Scientists Develop Computer Programs That Could Reduce the Cost of Microchips and Stimulate American Manufacturing

Feb. 20, 2024 — Fashioned from the same element found in sand and covered by intricate patterns, microchips power smartphones, augment appliances and aid the operation of cars and airplanes. Now, scientists are ...

Accelerating the Discovery of Single-Molecule Magnets With Deep Learning

Feb. 20, 2024 — Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) are exciting materials. In a recent breakthrough, researchers have used deep learning to predict SMMs from 20,000 metal complexes. The predictions were made solely ...

Study Identifies Distinct Brain Organization Patterns in Women and Men

Feb. 19, 2024 — Researchers have developed a powerful new artificial intelligence model that can distinguish between male and female ...

New Chip Opens Door to AI Computing at Light Speed

Feb. 16, 2024 — Engineers have developed a new chip that uses light waves, rather than electricity, to perform the complex math essential to training AI. The chip has the potential to radically accelerate the ...

Why Insects Navigate More Efficiently Than Robots

Feb. 12, 2024 — Engineers have studied how insects navigate, for the purpose of developing energy-efficient ...

Innovations in Depth from Focus/defocus Pave the Way to More Capable Computer Vision Systems

Feb. 9, 2024 — In an image, estimating the distance between objects and the camera by using the blur in the images as clue, also known as depth from focus/defocus, is essential in computer vision. However, ...

Making AI a Partner in Neuroscientific Discovery

Feb. 9, 2024 — The past year has seen major advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT. The ability of these models to interpret and produce human text sources (and other sequence data) has ...

A Machine Learning Framework That Encodes Images Like a Retina

Feb. 7, 2024 — Researchers have developed a machine learning approach to compressing image data with greater accuracy than learning-free computation methods, with applications for retinal implants and other sensory ...

Promising Heart Drugs ID'd by Cutting-Edge Combo of Machine Learning, Human Learning

Feb. 1, 2024 — Scientists have developed a new approach to machine learning -- a form of artificial intelligence -- to identify drugs that help minimize harmful scarring after a heart attack or other ...

Swarming Cicadas, Stock Traders, and the Wisdom of the Crowd

Feb. 1, 2024 — The springtime emergence of vast swarms of cicadas can be explained by a mathematical model of collective decision-making with similarities to models describing stock market ...

How Does a 'Reverse Sprinkler' Work? Researchers Solve Decades-Old Physics Puzzle

Jan. 29, 2024 — For decades scientists have been trying to solve Feynman's Sprinkler Problem: How does a sprinkler running in reverse work? Through a series of experiments, a team of mathematicians has figured ...

New Method Flips the Script on Topological Physics

Jan. 25, 2024 — The branch of mathematics known as topology has become a cornerstone of modern physics thanks to the remarkable -- and above all reliable -- properties it can impart to a material or system. ...

What Coffee With Cream Can Teach Us About Quantum Physics

Jan. 24, 2024 — A new advancement in theoretical physics could, one day, help engineers develop new kinds of computer chips that might store information for longer in very small ...